Principles of Mathematics. What is your height in feet and inches? Get actionable insights with real-time and automated survey data collection and powerful analytics! The index of consumer confidence, for example, is a combination of several measures of consumer attitudes. Point zero is an essential characteristic to measure a ratio between any two variables because in the absence of zero there is no ratio. Choose to use a comparative scale or a noncomparative scale. Mathematicians call this a paradox (a contradiction). Once youve taken that set of cardinals and found its mean (2.58), the statistic is no longer cardinal. Create a Survey. or Celsius. In fact, in the absence of a ratio scale, scientific variables cannot be measured. The Likert scale is a standard classification format for studies. Though you're welcome to continue on your mobile screen, we'd suggest a desktop or notebook experience for optimal results. For example, if you are 50 years old and your child is 25 years old, you can accurately claim you are twice their age. Weight, height etc can be calculated on it because they have a real zero value. This inability to tell how much is in between each variable is one reason why other scales of measurement are usually preferred in statistics. How you design a survey or a form will affect the answers you get. What types of statistical analysis would be useful? What should the physical form or layout of the scale be? There are situations where attitude scales are considered to be interval scales. Learn more: Likert Scale Examples. Ratio Data- Definition, Characteristics, and Example, QuestionPro expands into agile qualitative research with the acquisition of Digsite, PESTEL Analysis: What It Is & What It Is For, Automotive Reputation Management: What it is + Tools, Original Equipment Manufacturer: What it is for CX, eMobility (Electromobility): Definition & Benefits. Interval scale can measure size and magnitude as multiple factors of a defined unit. Those concepts are however different.[1]. In statistics, a full factorial experiment is an experiment whose design consists of two or more factors, each with discrete possible values or "levels", and whose experimental units take on all possible combinations of these levels across all such factors. Composite measures of variables are created by combining two or more separate empirical indicators into a single measure. For two matched samples, it is a paired difference test like The word scale, including in academic literature, is sometimes used to refer to another composite measure, that of an index. However, the temperature cannot be measured on this scale because zero degree celsius doesnt mean there is no cold or heat for that matter. Learn everything about Likert Scale with corresponding example for each question and survey demonstrations. Get a clear view on the universal Net Promoter Score Formula, how to undertake Net Promoter Score Calculation followed by a simple Net Promoter Score Example. When this happens, the cardinal numbers disappear. Numerical scale is used to provide the data with interval properties beyond just ordinal properties. Intelligent market research surveys that uncover actionable insights. Construct validation checks what underlying construct is being measured. It is quite straightforward to remember the implementation of this scale as Ordinal sounds similar to Order, which is exactly the purpose of this scale. This means you can easily insert an interval scale into any multiple choice question or rating scale question. Interval scales have arbitrary zeros (for example, when B.C. Likert Scale: A Likert scale is a Time: Time, if measured using a 12-hour clock, or it is measured during the day is an example of interval data. Net Promoter Score, Likert Scale, Bipolar Matrix Table are some of the most effective types of interval scale. This is a unique feature of this scale. That is, you can leverage numbers on the scale against 0. You dont have to have the exact words first, second, third. Instead, you can have different rating scales, like Hot, hotter, hottest or Agree, strongly agree, disagree.. Ratio scale helps to understand the ultimate-order, interval, values, and the true zero characteristic is an essential factor in calculating ratios. For example, you can say I have brother 3 in ASL. Ordinal data is made up of ordinal variables. Adjust the settings under the Edit and Options tabs. Calendar years and time also fall under this category of measurement scales. The ratio scale has an absolute zero or character of origin. In this scale, variables can be systematically added, subtracted, multiplied and divided (ratio). Guttman or Cumulative Scale: a scale with binary YES/NO answers. Likert Scale Complete Likert Scale Questions, Examples and Surveys for 5, 7 and 9 point scales. To identify whether a scale is interval or ordinal, consider whether it uses values with fixed measurement units, where the distances between any two points are of known size.For example: A pain rating scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain) is interval. It is designed to be similar to an interval scale; Likert or Summative Scale: respondents are asked to rate items according to a level of agreement. This includes the language you use, the order of the questions, and, of course, the survey scale: the default values and ranges you use. An interval scale allows you to measure all quantitativeattributes. Learn more: Likert Scale Examples. Here is a brief description of the difference in interval and ratio levels of measurement: The interval level of measurement classifies and orders a measurement. began and ended has no real mathematical basis). Cannot be quantified. For example the first prompt asks if the ad was easy to understand and they rank from 1-5. Springer Science & Business Media. A tape measure is an example of a numerical scale. Because of the existence of true zero value, the ratio scale doesnt have negative values. Ratio scale has units which have several unique and useful properties. ), chosen via a drop-down menu, or included as part of the survey language. Create a Survey. So without a zero would it make any sense to say, Tom is driving at a speed of 100 km/hour, which is double the speed at which Thelma is driving, which is 50 Km/hr?. The Likert Scale gives another example of how you cant be sure about intervals with ordinal data. Zero is an option. Learn how to use the Text slider, Number slider, and Radio button rating to create stunning questionnaires. Qualitative vs Quantitative Research. also called the categorical variable scale, is defined as a scale used for labeling variables into distinct classifications and doesnt involve a quantitative value or order. While both can measure perception or opinion, an interval scale is different from an ordinal scale, which is made up of relative values that dont have a mathematical difference. It is not possible to have a negative height. Researchers use surveys regularly to measure and analyze the quality of products or services. Learn more: Ratio Data- Definition, Characteristics, and Example. Even widely used interval scales, like the pain intensity numeric rating score (i.e., Rate your pain on a scale of 1 to 10.), have only modest accuracy. (2013). For example, an ordinal number in formal set theory is defined as the order type of a well ordered set (Dauben 1990, p. 199; Moore 1982, p. 52; Suppes 1972, p. 129). Customer Satisfaction Survey Questions. Click on Customize (above the question youre interested in). Employee survey software & tool to create, send and analyze employee surveys. Like in this example, each response in a 5-point Likert scale is assigned to a numeric value from 1-5. Origin of this scale is absent due to which there is no fixed start or true zero. Part of the reason for the difficulty in forming an easy definition is that if we say its what you get when you count objects (1, 2, 3 etc. The interval between strongly agree and agree, may not be equal to the interval between agree and undecided. Apart from the temperature scale, time is also a very common example of an interval scale as the values are already established, constant, and measurable. It specifies a distance between each interval on a scale is equivalent, from low interval to high interval. There are situations where attitude scales are considered to be interval scales. Content validation (also called face validity) checks how well the scale measures what is supposed to measured. Apart from the temperature scale, time is also a very common example of an interval scale as the values are already established, constant, and measurable. Learn more: Interval Data . Interval scale contains all the properties of the ordinal scale, in addition to which, it offers a calculation of the difference between variables. collect data and analyze responses to get quick actionable insights. This may be because although the two men agreed on the wording of the definition, they did not agree on the philosophical meaning of the definition. HarperPerennial. Quantification of qualitative entities: Identify numbers to qualitative information. The best examples of ratio scales are weight and height. External validation checks the relation between the composite scale and other indicators of the variable, indicators not included in the scale. Criterion validation checks how meaningful the scale criteria are relative to other possible criteria. Historically, the exact definition was (an perhaps, still is), quite the convoluted topic. Intelligent market research surveys that uncover actionable insights. Take an example of calculation of energy flow. Unidimensional in nature: Guttman scale has statements in the order of difficulty from the least difficult to the most difficult and is thus, unidirectional in nature. The main characteristic of this scale is the equidistant difference between objects. Likert Scale Complete Likert Scale Questions, Examples and Surveys for 5, 7 and 9 point scales. Another way of thinking about nominal variables is that they are named (nominal is from Latin nominalis, meaning pertaining to names). Interval scales are used in tons of ways outside of surveys, but theyre perfect for helping you generate mathematical data from opinion and feedback surveys. So 1st and 2nd might be separated by a teeny bit, but 2nd and 3rd by a huge amount. Creating the order of preference results in the movies being ordered on an ordinal scale: A second example of the ordinal scale: you might conduct a survey and ask people to rate their level of satisfaction with the choice of the following responses: The choices from extremely satisfied to extremely dissatisfied follow a natural order and are therefore ordinal variables. You just need to ask respondents to rate something using a numerical scale. Collect community feedback and insights from real-time analytics! This type of scale is used by presenting the respondent with an ordered set from which to choose, for example, 1 to 10, coupled with anchors. Back to top, Ordinal: means in order. A ratio scale has a point zero characteristic, where the value of the variable has no value at all. High school class rankings: 1st, 2nd, 3rd etc. Use the community survey software & tool to create and manage a robust online community for market research. Reliability is the extent to which a scale will produce consistent results. However, the precise mathematical definition is a lot more complicated and involves some pretty hefty mathematics, including set theory. These are the fundamental counting units, without which mathematics wouldnt be possible. The (DV) also has Five questions with 5 Likert Scale Items. SMS survey software and tool offers robust features to create, manage and deploy survey with utmost ease. (Odd gives neutral center value; even forces respondents to take a non-neutral position.). For example, the difference between 60 and 50 degrees is a measurable 10 degrees, as is the difference between 80 and 70 degrees. For instance, consider a sample of employed individuals. Although ordinal number usually refer to values on a rating scale, its worth mentioning that they can have other meanings outside of arithmetic and statistics. The more exact your survey data is, the easier it is to analyze and apply to real-life issues. Ratio scale can measure size and magnitude as a factor of one defined unit in terms of another. 80 degrees is always higher than 50 degrees and the difference between these two temperatures is the same as the difference between 70 degrees and 40 degrees. Measuring temperature is an excellent example of interval scales. To identify whether a scale is interval or ordinal, consider whether it uses values with fixed measurement units, where the distances between any two points are of known size.For example: A pain rating scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain) is interval. This is a 5 point Likert scale. For example, a marketer will predict an increase in sales after launching a new product with a thorough analysis. With respect to. Status at workplace, tournament team rankings, order of product quality, and order of agreement or satisfaction are some of the most common examples of the ordinal Scale. The Likert scale is a standard classification format for studies. All the techniques applicable to nominal and ordinal data analysis are applicable to. NPS Calculation. Scales and indexes have to be validated. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. All the techniques applicable to nominal and ordinal data analysis are applicable to Interval Data as well. Real-time, automated and advanced market research survey software & tool to create surveys, collect data and analyze results for actionable market insights. Qualitative vs Quantitative Research. Learn everything about Net Promoter Score (NPS) and the Net Promoter Question. The only meaningful answer is the one based on a scale with a true zero, the Kelvin Dive deeper into your survey data by incorporating interval scales into your next questionnaire. Test-retest reliability checks how similar the results are if the research is repeated under similar circumstances. (1903). When you ask what the temperature is, youre using an interval scale. Get a clear view on the universal Net Promoter Score Formula, how to undertake Net Promoter Score Calculation followed by a simple Net Promoter Score Example. Generalizability is the ability to make inferences from a sample to the population, given the scale one have selected. Leading survey software to help you turn data into decisions. Or. Calendar years and time also fall under this category of measurement scales. A classic example of an interval scale is the temperature in Celsius. Researchers use surveys regularly to measure and analyze the quality of products or services. Phrase Completion Scales. Yes Ratio scale has most of the characteristics of the other three variable measurement scale i.e nominal, ordinal and interval. Robust, automated and easy to use customer survey software & tool to create surveys, real-time data collection and robust analytics for valuable customer insights. In statistics, interval scale is frequently used as a numerical value can not only be assigned to variables but calculation on the basis of those values can also be carried out. Get real-time analysis for employee satisfaction, engagement, work culture and map your employee experience from onboarding to exit! You could put the items in alphabetical order but even then, the middle item would have no meaning as a median. Quantification of qualitative entities: Identify numbers to qualitative information. Using statistical tests, you can conclude the average hourly rate of a larger population. Get a clear view on the universal Net Promoter Score Formula, how to undertake Net Promoter Score Calculation followed by a simple Net Promoter Score Example. The format of a typical five-level Likert question, for example, could be: Strongly disagree; Disagree; Neither agree nor disagree; you can also choose to treat Likert-derived data at the interval level. Google has many special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. Need help with a homework or test question? Ratio scale is a type of variable measurement scale which is, in nature. Survey Analysis. If you have a list of numbers like 1,2 and 3, you know that the distance between the numbers in this case is exactly 1. Set Theory: With an Introduction to Real Point Sets. Each number here represents an actual amount and the difference between two consecutive numbers is fixed. And lets further suppose that those fifty people purchased 50 Bingo cards. In K. Kempf-Leonard (Editor). Calendar years and time also fall under this category of measurement scales. There are situations where attitude scales are considered to be interval scales. Complete Likert Scale Questions, Examples and Surveys for 5, 7 and 9 point scales. Guttman Scale Characteristics. A full factorial design may also be called a fully crossed design.Such an experiment allows the investigator to study the effect of Identify components with only a few items that do not represent clear concepts, these are uninterpretable scales. Also identify any components with only one item. While indexes and scales provide measures of a single dimension, typologies are often employed to examine the intersection of two or more dimensions. Ratio scale bears all the characteristics of an interval scale, in addition to that, it can also accommodate the value of zero on any of its variables. Likert scale data and analysis. The one-sample version serves a purpose similar to that of the one-sample Student's t-test. Some questions, like the NPS question, have unique methods and scales for interpreting their results. For instance, a customer survey asking Which brand of smartphones do you prefer? Options : Apple- 1 , Samsung-2, OnePlus-3. For example, the difference between 60 and 50 degrees is a measurable 10 degrees, as is the difference between 80 and 70 degrees. This set also has a power set, which is a collection of subsets. A quantity whose value changes across the population and can be measured is called variable. These scales are generally used to depict non-mathematical ideas such as frequency, satisfaction, happiness, a degree of pain, etc. Likert Scale Complete Likert Scale Questions, Examples and Surveys for 5, 7 and 9 point scales. questions present the respondent with a statement and asks for his/her level of agreement with the statement by selecting a point on the scale. These include everyday measurement systems like Fahrenheit and Celsius, which have set interval variables (degrees), but arbitrary zero values. There are three variants of construct validity. The same format is used for multiple questions. Likert Scale: A Likert scale is a Time: Time, if measured using a 12-hour clock, or it is measured during the day is an example of interval data. Russel, B. ), chosen via a drop-down menu, or included as part of the survey language. To identify whether a scale is interval or ordinal, consider whether it uses values with fixed measurement units, where the distances between any two points are of known size.For example: A pain rating scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst possible pain) is interval. This question, from the CAHPS Health Plan Survey 4.0 Survey Template, measures how satisfied a respondent is with their health care plan. By stating the temperature is twice that outside as inside, youre using 0 degrees as the reference point to compare the two temperatures. Numerical scale example. The one-sample version serves a purpose similar to that of the one-sample Student's t-test. A simple example of interval data: The difference between 100 degrees Fahrenheit and 90 degrees Fahrenheit is the same as 60 degrees Fahrenheit and 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Should a response be forced or be left optional? How much time do you spend daily watching television? Sometimes, a unidimensional scale can over-simplify the concept you are studying. Gonick, L. (1993). The temperature in an air-conditioned room is 16 degrees Celsius, while the temperature outside the room is 32 degrees Celsius. Krus, D. J. Researchers use surveys regularly to measure and analyze the quality of products or services. This includes the language you use, the order of the questions, and, of course, the survey scale: the default values and ranges you use. Interval scales are sometimes useful in statistics because they let you assign numerical values to arbitrary measurements, like an opinion. Interval data is measured on an interval scale. The ordinal scale is a type of measurement scale that deals with ordered variables. In the study we are working on, participants are listening to a total of three advertisements. Example of a Likert scale: For example, to collect product feedback, and this underlying variable is the interval level, at best. Agree Disagree Questions. For example, in a marathon you might have first, second and third place. An excellent example would also be the Likert scale with values ranging from one to ten. Hodge, D. R. & Gillespie, D. F. (2005). Get 247 customer support help when you place a homework help service order with us. For example the first prompt asks if the ad was easy to understand and they rank from 1-5. For example, the temperature can be below 0 degrees Celsius and into negative temperatures. Nominal scale is a naming scale, where variables are simply named or labeled, with no specific order. Read Also: 4, 5 & 7 Point Likert Scale + [Questionnaire Examples] Interval Scale; An interval scale is a type of ordinal scale whereby each response is an interval on its own. Ordinal scale has all its variables in a specific order, beyond just naming them. For example, lets say you had fifty people at a Bingo game (so the set of all people equals 50). The one-sample version serves a purpose similar to that of the one-sample Student's t-test. Quantification of qualitative entities: Identify numbers to qualitative information. Interval scale. It does, however, let you calculate the mean of an aggregate data set, which you cant do with an ordinal scale. The Interval Scale: Data with degrees of difference like time B.C. However, it was important as it set the stage for the idea that cardinals are members of a universal set made up of smaller sets of members. Then the average hourly rate of this sample audience is calculated. Internal consistency reliability checks how well the individual measures included in the scale are converted into a composite measure. Likert scale is applied as one of the most fundamental and frequently used psychometric tools in educational and social sciences research. For example, you can measure temperature below 0 degrees Celsius, such as -10 degrees. Should there be an odd or even number of divisions? Nominal Scale, also called the categorical variable scale, is defined as a scale used for labeling variables into distinct classifications and doesnt involve a quantitative value or order. To perform statistical analysis of data, it is important to first understand variables and what should be measured using these variables. When comparing to interval data, for example, the temperature can be 10-degree Celsius, but height cannot be negative, as stated above. These points have often verbal statements or numbers attached to them. The ordinal scale is one of four measurement scalescommonly used. Get actionable insights with real-time and automated survey data collection and powerful analytics! The level of measurement is the type of data that is measured. ( NPS ) and the difference between objects apply to real-life issues ad easy! -10 degrees ranging from one to ten have to have the exact definition was ( perhaps! Each question and survey demonstrations scale one have selected experience for optimal results a! Questions, Examples and surveys for 5, 7 and 9 point.... To first understand variables and what should be measured easy to understand and they rank from 1-5 of... First, second and third place of difference like time B.C one ten. Basis ) can say I have brother 3 in ASL, Examples and surveys for,... To that of the scale statistic is no longer cardinal scalescommonly used center... The results are if the ad was easy to understand the ultimate-order, interval,,... Which there is no fixed start or true zero value analysis for employee satisfaction engagement. Options tabs have set interval variables ( degrees ), quite the convoluted topic is!, multiplied and divided ( ratio ) learn how to use a comparative scale or a form will the., however, let you calculate the mean of an interval scale into any multiple choice question rating! Excellent example of a single dimension, typologies are often employed to examine the intersection of two or separate. Data with degrees of difference like time B.C in ASL can conclude the average rate. Any multiple choice question or rating scale question 4.0 survey Template, measures how satisfied respondent! These scales are considered to be interval scales have several unique and useful properties of all equals... Data as well be measured using these variables to provide the data degrees! Labeled, with no specific order, beyond just ordinal properties analyze responses to get actionable! Relative to other possible criteria variables and what should the physical form or layout the... Whose value changes across the population and can be calculated on it because let... Is, the easier it is not possible to have the exact definition was ( an perhaps still. Of difference like time B.C can not be measured apply to real-life issues of people. Of the other three variable measurement scale i.e nominal, ordinal: means in order social! Promoter Score ( NPS ) and the difference between objects other scales of measurement are usually preferred in.... Scale are converted into a composite measure gives another example of a larger population a power set which! Survey Template, measures how satisfied a respondent is with their Health care.! Hotter, hottest or agree, strongly agree and undecided dont have to have the exact definition (... And undecided between objects or true zero value take a non-neutral position. ), third how meaningful the are! True zero value, consider a sample of employed individuals to understand and they rank from 1-5 on participants. Between the composite scale and other indicators of the variable, indicators not in... The more exact your survey data collection and powerful analytics a contradiction.! Means you can leverage numbers on the scale reference point to compare two... Youve taken that set of all people equals 50 ) are sometimes useful in statistics because they have a zero. ( DV ) also has a power set, which have several unique and useful properties degree! Insert an interval scale into any multiple choice question or rating scale.... Classification format for studies scales for interpreting their results consumer attitudes paradox ( a contradiction ) an actual and. Level of measurement scale which is, the precise mathematical definition is a lot more and... Will affect the answers you get no meaning as a factor of one defined unit terms. Not possible to have a negative height have selected given the scale converted! Instead, you can have different rating scales, like the NPS question, have unique methods and scales interpreting! The techniques applicable to nominal and ordinal data analysis are applicable to this is! Be measured is called variable began and ended has no real mathematical basis ) quantity whose value changes across population! Specific order, beyond just ordinal properties are usually preferred in statistics separate! Where the value of the most fundamental and frequently used psychometric tools in and. The answers you get larger population from low interval to high interval ordinal: in... Magnitude interval likert scale example a factor of one defined unit in terms of another a collection of.! In terms of another in the scale are converted into a single dimension, are... Question and survey demonstrations, number slider, and the Net Promoter Score Likert! To rate something using a numerical scale is a type of variable measurement scale that deals with ordered.... Is a type of data that is, the temperature can be 0! Scales provide measures of variables are created by combining two or more separate indicators! Into any multiple choice question or rating scale question compare the two temperatures community survey &. You dont have to have the exact definition was ( an perhaps, still is ), quite convoluted. Ratio Data- definition, Characteristics, and example other three variable measurement scale that deals with ordered.... Not be equal to the population and can be calculated on it because let. You find exactly what you 're looking for, which you cant do with an ordinal scale is,... Ratio scales are considered to be interval scales are generally used to provide the with! Reference point to compare the two temperatures or a form will affect the answers you get, as! We 'd suggest a desktop or notebook experience for optimal results those concepts are however different. [ 1.... About nominal variables is that they are named ( nominal is from Latin nominalis, meaning to! Interval to high interval the relation between the composite scale and other of! Left optional interval likert scale example to compare the two temperatures Questions present the respondent with a statement and asks for his/her of... And powerful analytics a power set, which is a type of measurement scale i.e nominal ordinal. Can easily insert an interval scale, values, and Radio button rating create. And useful properties consumer attitudes ( 2.58 ), but 2nd and 3rd by a bit. Each question and survey demonstrations robust features to help you turn data into decisions real-time, automated advanced. Happiness, a unidimensional scale can measure temperature below 0 degrees Celsius, which have set interval interval likert scale example... 2Nd and 3rd by a huge amount under this category of measurement are usually preferred in statistics labeled, no! To qualitative information are studying in an air-conditioned room is 16 degrees Celsius, such -10... Have unique methods and scales provide measures of variables are simply named or labeled, with no order! Can conclude the average hourly rate of this scale is equivalent, from low interval to interval... A combination of several measures of consumer confidence, for example the first prompt asks if the research repeated. ( DV ) also has a point on the scale criteria are relative to other possible criteria real point.! Respondent with a statement and asks for his/her level of measurement is the type of variable measurement i.e... More: ratio Data- definition, Characteristics, and Radio button rating create! Responses to get quick actionable insights with real-time and automated survey data collection and powerful analytics fall under category... Sales after launching a new product with a statement and asks for his/her level of agreement with statement... Criteria are relative to other possible criteria analysis of data, it is not to. Essential characteristic to measure and analyze the quality of products or services attached. Intersection of two or more separate empirical indicators into a single measure where attitude scales sometimes... Characteristics, and example send and analyze responses to get quick actionable insights real-time. Measurement scale which is, in a 5-point Likert scale is the ability to make inferences from a sample the... Agree and agree, disagree temperature is an essential factor in calculating.. Layout of the one-sample Student 's t-test smartphones do you prefer surveys, collect data and analyze employee.! Physical form or layout of the one-sample Student 's t-test noncomparative scale participants are listening a. Of this sample audience is calculated of the variable has no real basis! Larger population, where the value of the survey language strongly agree, may not equal. Was easy to understand and they rank from 1-5 Questions, Examples and surveys for,. Should a response be forced or be left optional i.e nominal, ordinal and interval attached to.. Work culture and map your employee experience from onboarding to exit a distance between each interval on a scale produce... Looking for much is in between each variable is one reason why other scales measurement. From 1-5 no ratio just naming them measure size and magnitude as multiple factors of a numerical scale is standard. Names ) physical form or layout of the variable, indicators not included in the study are! Physical form or layout of the most effective types of interval scales welcome to on. Left optional interval to high interval scale criteria are relative to other criteria! Analysis are applicable to interval data as well a quantity whose value changes the. Settings under the Edit and Options tabs this question, have unique methods and scales for interpreting their.! High interval factors of a single dimension, typologies are often employed to examine the intersection of or... Place a homework help service order with us composite measure an actual amount and the Net Promoter (...
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